Hafnium is named after the Latin name Hania, which means Copenhagen. Copenhagen is where hafnium was first discovered by Danish chemist Dirk Coster. It was predicted to be found AFTER Mendeleev created the periodic table. It is not found free in nature... but it does make up .00058% of the earth's crust. It was discovered using x-ray spectroscopy to observe some minerals and electrons.It is found in ALL zirconium ores, though it is very difficult to separate. It is currently being sold for 120 dollars per 100 grams. It is commonly used in:
- Nuclear reactors
- Nuclear control rods
- Gas-filled and incandescent lamps
- Vacuum tubes
- An alloying agent in iron, niobium, tantalum, and titanium.
- Integrated circuits
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